How to Choose Oak Flooring for Your Home

Published 7 June 2026 | RPG Carpentry & Joinery

For most homes in Devon and Cornwall, engineered oak flooringis the best choice—it offers the same appearance as solid oak with superior stability over underfloor heating, concrete subfloors, and in the higher humidity levels common to coastal and rural properties. Below we explain exactly how to choose the right type, grade, and installation method for your home.

Solid Oak vs Engineered Oak

Both solid and engineered oak flooring use real oak and look identical once installed. The difference is in construction, performance, and where each type can be used.

FeatureSolid OakEngineered Oak
ConstructionSingle piece of oak, 18-22mm thick3-6mm oak layer on plywood/multi-layer base
Total thickness18-22mm14-21mm
StabilityExpands/contracts with humidityHighly stable, minimal movement
Underfloor heatingNot recommended (limited use only)Fully compatible
Subfloor optionsTimber joists or ply onlyTimber, concrete, ply, or floating
Sanding potential6-10 times over its lifetime2-5 times (depending on wear layer)
Lifespan80-100+ years25-50 years
Cost (supplied & fitted)£60-£90/m²£45-£70/m²

Oak Grades Explained

Oak flooring is graded by appearance, not structural quality. All grades are equally durable—the difference is purely aesthetic.

Prime / Select Grade

Uniform colour with minimal knots, no sapwood, and a clean, contemporary look. Best suited to modern interiors and formal rooms. This is the most expensive grade, typically adding £10-£20/m² over rustic.

Natural / Character Grade

A balanced mix of knots, some colour variation, and occasional mineral streaks. This is the most popular grade, offering warmth and interest without being too busy. Suits most interior styles.

Rustic Grade

Larger knots (filled), more colour variation, sapwood edges, and natural imperfections. Creates a characterful, traditional look that works particularly well in Cornish cottages, farmhouses, and barn conversions. Often the best value grade.

Thickness and Width Options

Board dimensions affect both appearance and practicality:

Installation Methods

Nail-Down (Secret Nailing)

The traditional method for solid oak over timber joists or plywood. Nails are driven at 45 degrees through the tongue, hidden by the next board. Provides a rock-solid floor with no movement underfoot. Required for solid oak boards over 150mm wide.

Glue-Down (Full Adhesive)

Engineered boards are glued directly to a levelled concrete or plywood subfloor using flexible adhesive. This provides excellent stability, works well with underfloor heating (better heat transfer than floating), and eliminates any hollow sound underfoot. The professional's preferred method for engineered oak.

Floating Installation

Boards click together and sit on an underlay without being fixed to the subfloor. Quickest to install and allows for easy removal, but can sound hollow underfoot and is not suitable for boards over 180mm wide. Not recommended for high-traffic areas or rooms with heavy furniture.

Devon & Cornwall Considerations

Our coastal and rural location creates specific challenges that affect flooring choice:

Humidity in Coastal Properties

Properties near the coast in Cornwall and Devon experience higher average humidity levels (60-75% compared to 45-55% inland). Solid oak will expand more in these conditions, potentially causing buckling or cupping. Engineered oak's cross-grain plywood construction resists this movement, making it the significantly better choice for coastal homes from Padstow to Plymouth.

Older Buildings with Uneven Subfloors

Many older Cornish cottages, farmhouses, and period properties have stone or lime-screed floors that are far from level. These require careful preparation before oak flooring can be installed. Options include self-levelling compound (for minor irregularities up to 10mm), plywood overlay on battens (for larger variations), or a floating system with thick underlay for floors that are uneven but dry. We assess your subfloor during the quote visit and recommend the most cost-effective solution.

Damp and Ventilation

Ground-floor rooms in older properties may have rising damp or limited ventilation beneath suspended floors. These issues must be resolved before installing any oak flooring. We can advise on damp-proof membranes, ventilation improvements, and the appropriate moisture testing before installation.

Why Professional Fitting Matters

Oak flooring is a significant investment (£45-£90/m²) and incorrect installation voids manufacturer warranties, causes premature failure, and creates problems that are expensive to fix. Professional installation ensures:

Need oak flooring installed?

RPG Carpentry & Joinery supplies and fits oak flooring across Cornwall and Devon. We will help you choose the right product for your home and install it to the highest standard. Call 07717 299 777 or request a free quote.

Maintenance Tips

Once your oak floor is installed, proper care will keep it looking beautiful for decades:

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I put oak flooring over underfloor heating?

Yes, but engineered oak is strongly recommended over solid oak for use with underfloor heating. Engineered boards have a plywood or multi-layer base that resists warping caused by temperature changes. Choose boards no thicker than 18mm total with an oak wear layer of 4-6mm, and ensure your underfloor heating system does not exceed 27°C at the floor surface. Glue-down installation provides the best heat transfer. Solid oak can be used in limited circumstances (boards under 100mm wide, maximum 18mm thick) but carries a higher risk of gaps and movement.

How long does oak flooring last?

Solid oak flooring can last 80-100+ years with proper care and can be sanded and refinished 6-10 times over its lifetime. Engineered oak flooring typically lasts 25-50 years depending on the thickness of the oak wear layer: a 4mm layer allows 2-3 sandings, while a 6mm layer allows 4-5 sandings. Both types require periodic maintenance—reapply oil every 1-2 years for oiled floors, or recoat lacquered floors every 5-8 years depending on traffic levels.

What's the difference between solid and engineered oak?

Solid oak flooring is milled from a single piece of oak, typically 18-22mm thick, and can be sanded many times over its long lifespan. It expands and contracts with humidity changes and must be nailed or glued to a timber subfloor. Engineered oak has a real oak wear layer (3-6mm) bonded to a dimensionally stable plywood or multi-layer base. This makes it suitable for concrete subfloors, underfloor heating, and floating installation. Both look identical once installed—the difference is in performance and suitability for your specific conditions.

How much does oak flooring cost per square metre installed?

Oak flooring in Devon and Cornwall typically costs £45-£90 per square metre fully supplied and installed by a professional. Engineered oak ranges from £45-£70/m² (materials plus fitting), while solid oak costs £60-£90/m². The price varies with board width (wider boards cost more), grade (prime/select costs more than rustic), and finish. Installation alone typically costs £15-£25/m² depending on the method and any subfloor preparation required. We provide detailed, all-inclusive quotes with no hidden costs.